Nationalism in Mizo Literature – Lemchana a Lan Dan

— Lalzarzova, Research Scholar, Mizo Department, MZU

Mizo Literature hi kum 1869 aṭanga inṭanah lo ngai ta ila, hei hi The Hill Tracts of Chittagong and the dwellers therein; with comparative vocabularies of the Hill dialects tih lehkhabu TH Lewin-an a ziah kum kha a ni. Chu ti a nih chuan kum 2020 hi a kum 151-na a lo ni ve reng tawh a ni. Kum za chuang Mizo Literature a lo nih hnu hian Lemchan pawh eng emaw zat a chhuak a, Novel nen chuan khai khin rual chu ni lo mah se lemchan hi bu za hnih chuang a ni tawh ngeiin a rinawm. Mizoin a ram leh hnam a hmangaih dan lemchanah hian eng ang takin nge a lo lan tih kan chhui dawn a ni.

Mizo lemchan hi kum 1912-a bul ṭana ngaih a ni a, he mi kum Krismas ni taka Thakthing Veng, Aizawla lemchan an chhuah chu Mizoten lemchan an hmelhriatna leh a taka chan chhuah hmasa ber a ni (Khiangte 12). Mizo lemchan chuan kum za a tling tawh a, kum za a tlin lawmna hi kum 2012 khan neih a lo ni tawh nghe nghe. Mizo Lemchan hi kum za laia upa ni tawh mah se Mizo literature-ah hian ngaihven leh ngaihsan a hlawh lutuk lo niin a ngaih theih. Vanlalchami chuan, “Zirna hmuna Syllabus-a a tel bak chu mi tlem te chauhin an tuipui tawh niin a lang. Nun kawng dik zawh tura mi a hruai dan te, a tuipuitute he khawvel thil thleng aṭanga chhûta dikna kan tih piah lama thudik leh thil nihna dik tak a kawhhmuh reng chungin sira hnawl a ni tho mai,” (qtd.in Rambuai Literature 25) tiin a sawi nghe nghe. Lemchan chu thawnthu (novel) leh hla (poetry) nena khai khin chuan Mizote thinlungah a tla na tawk lo pawh a ni maithei. A chhan ni thei awm dap dawn ta ila, kalhmang awmze nei, a ziah dan pawh a ziaktuin a duh duh a ziah ngawt theih loh a nihna te, a tuipuia hrethiam tur chuan zir ve deuh hlek a ngaihna-te hi a ni thei ang. R. Lallianzuala pawhin, “Mizo literature ṭhan dan kan thlirin hla (poetry), essay leh thawnthu (novels) ai chuan drama hian hmun a awh zîm bik deuhin a hriat theih,” (25) a ti bawk a ni. Lemchan hi zirna in hrang hrangah zir a la nih zel a rinawm a, chuvangin hma pawh a sawn ve zel turah ngai phawt ila a ṭha awm e.

Nationalism chu ram leh hnam hmangaihna tih hi mi tam berte pawm dan a ni awm e. Brittanica Reference Encyclopedia chuan tihian a hrilhfiah a, “Ram pakhat emaw, hnam pakhat tan emaw inpekna leh rinawmna,” (502) tiin. A sawi chhunzawm zelnaah chuan Indopui pakhatna leh pahnihna chhuahna chhan pawh kha Nationalism vang hi a ni a tinghe nghe a ni (502). Chambers 21st Century Dictionary chuan, “Mahni ram history, hnam nunphung leh zahawmna chhuang em em a, chu mi ram tana rinawm tlatna,” (910) tiin a sawifiah bawk. Nationalism tih ṭawngkam hmang hmasa bertu Johann Gottfried Herder chuan an hnam (German) ṭobul leh hnam nunphung bakah an ṭawng chu chhuang thar leh tura infuihna atan Nationalism tih ṭawngkam hi a hmang a ni (Keimah Mizo 40). Zoramthanga chuan ‘Mizo hnam thinlung’ tiin Mizo Nationalism hetiang hian a sawifiah ve thung:

Keimahni ram leh hnam leh hnam dan (culture)-te chimralin a awm ang tih hlauvin hnam fing leh hnam mawlte pawhin inven leh inhumhim kan tum ṭheuh va. Hei hi siamtu Pathianin ramsa leh mihringah a tir aṭanga a dah a ni. Chu chu mihringah chuan Hnam thinlung (Nationalism) an tih hi a ni (Mizo Hnam Movement History 14).

Lalrammawia Ngente chuan, “Nationalism hi ram leh hnam pakhat tana mi tu emaw, a rilru zawng zawng, ngaihdan zawng zawng leh politics thil pawha a intukluh fai vekna hi a ni tiin an sawi. Nationalism chu hnama chianna tiin sawi ta ila a dik ber awm e,” (Keimah Mizo 49) a tibawk. John Plamenatz chuan, “Nationalism chu ram mipuite nihna leh hnam nunphungin beih a tawh a, thlak danglam tumna emaw, a thar siam tumna a lo awma venhim duhna hi a ni,” (Nationalism: The nature and evolution of an idea 23) a ti thung.

Heng sawifiahna hrang hrang aṭang hian sawi ta ila; Nationalism chu mahni ram leh hnam tana inpekna, mahni ram leh hnam nunphung tana rinawmna leh vawn him duhna hi a ni ti ila a dik thei awm e.

Darchuailova Renthlei chuan Mizo Lemchan bu hi bu 20 vel awmin a sawi a, lemchan hrim hrim erawh chu bu khata pakhat aia tam dah khawm a nih ṭhin avangin za chuang fe chu a awm tawhin a ring (Rambuai Literature 26). Mizo Lemchan chhui chiangtu Laltluangliana Khiangte chuan Mizo Lemchan hawi zawng lian tak tak pali a sawi a, chungte chu- hmangaihna, hausakna, thuneihna leh sakhua-te an ni (Mizo Drama vii). Ani hian kum 1912 aṭanga kum 1990 inkara Mizo Lemchan a chhui a (vii), he mi hun chhunga Mizo Lemchanah chuan nationalism lam hmuh tur a awm lem lo niin a ngaih theih. Hriat theih china Mizo Literature-a nationalism lam hawi Mizo Lemchana a lan dan kan chhui dawn a ni. Ṭawngkam (dialogue) emawa nationalism lam hawi lo lan zeuhna ang chi Lemchan a awm thei a, mahse chung chu chhui berah nei lovin a changtute leh a Lemchan thawnthu aṭanga nationalism lam hawi theite chhui a ni dawn a ni. Pasalṭha Khuangchera, Lalnu Ropuiliani hi kan innghahna tur a ni ang.

Pasalṭha Khuangchera lemchan hi Mizo lemchan bu chhuak tawhah chuan Book of the year lawmman dawng thei awm chhun a ni a, kum 1997 khan a dawng a ni. He lemchan hi ram leh hnam hmangaihna chungchang Khuangchera nun aṭanga ziahna lehkhabu a ni. Mizo literature-a genre hrang hrangah hian drama hi zirchian ngai tak leh a tam zawkin an tuipui vak loh a ni awm e. Mizo Lemchanin a tarlan thil hrang hrang hi chipchiar taka chhui tur tam tak a awm thei awm e. Nationalism chungchang hi Mizo Lemchanah hian chhui a la ni lovin a lang a, khawtlang nun nghawng thei leh ram leh hnam humhalh thleng pawha pawimawhna nei Mizo Lemchan-a lang hi chhui chian a ngai hle. Mizo khawtlang nuna pasalṭhaten an ram tana an thil tih, ram an hmangaihna chungchang hi chhui chian a ngai a. Ram an hmangaih tak tak leh tak tak loh te, an nuna ram leh hnamin awmzia a neih dante Lemchan aṭang hian chhui chian a ngai a ni. Pasalṭha Khuangchera lemchan aṭang hian ṭan ila.

Pasalṭha Khuangchera hi chan nga-ah ṭhen niin, Chan – I naah hian lan nga awmin, Chan – II naah hian lan thum a awm a, Chan – III naah hian lan nga awm lehin, Chan IV-na leh Chan – V naah hian lan li ve ve a awm a ni. William Shakespeare-a Lemchan Hamlet kan chhiar chuan a tir aṭanga a tawp thlenga a bu zawl luahtu chu Hamleta a ni tih kan hre awm e. Chutiang chiah chuan he Lemchan thawnthu hi Khuangchera nun leh chanchinah a her vel a, a thawnthu ruangam hi Khuangchera chanchinah a innghat a, amah hi a langsar ber pawh a ni. Lungchhiat thlak taka a tawp avangin he Lemchan hi tragedy a ni bawk.

Khuangchera nun (character) leh Nationalism

Khuangchera hi mi inngaitlawm leh dawhthei tak a ni a. He Lemchanah hian a danglamna leh huaisenna chiang taka tarlanin a awm a ni. Thangtawna’n heti hian a sawi a, “Khuangchera zet hi zawng tu han tluk chi mah a ni lo a niang. Huaisen leh chak a fawm a, tlawmngaih leh taihmak a kawp a, mi dawhthei leh ngilnei tak a ni bawk si,” (Pasalṭha Khuangchera 1.4). Sakeiin Ngaihsii a seh ṭuma che chhuak hmasa leh a ṭhianpa Thangtawna nena Ngaihsii ruang hlawmtu a ni a. An khawchhunga buaina a chhuaha Ngalngêta’n Thangchhinga nu that a, inchhunga a inkulh tlat ṭum pawhin tu mahin an luh chhuah ngam lo va, Khuangchera an pun a, an innghahna awmchhun chu amah chauh hi a ni. A khua leh tui, a chi al liahpuite harsatna chu a harsatnaah a ngai tih a lang a, an lal pawhin, “Nang, ka pasalṭha chhuantawlawl,” (4.1) a ti a, an khaw pasalṭha pakhat Hempua chuan, “Khuangchera erawh mi duh rawn, varparh ari ianga langsar larh,” (2.1) tiin a sawi nghe nghe a ni. A pasalṭhatpui ngeiin a nihna a sawi dan aṭang hian an khuaa mite rilru put hmang tur leh an tana a inpekna a rawn lang a ni.

He Lemchan hi tragedy a nih thu kan sawi tawh a, Khuangchera thihnain a tawp hi khar a ni. Khawtlang tana a inpekna leh thih hial pawh huama a nun dan hi ram leh hnam a hmangaihna vang a ni. Sakei an um chungchanga Lal upa pakhatin, “Ani hi zawng khua leh tui tana a nun thàp reng ngang hi a ni a,” (2.2) a tih hian chu chu a tifiah awm e.

Pasalṭha Khuangchera Lemchanah hian a changtupa ber (main hero) Khuangchera nun hi a danglam hle tih a hriat. A vanduaina lam hi ziah lan a ni vak lo va, a Lemchan ṭan tir aṭanga a tawp thleng hian a huaisenna leh a pasalṭhatzia hlir a ziaktu hian min hrilh a tum emaw tih turin Khuangchera nun hi min thlirpui nasa a, he Lemchan hi historical drama a nih vang pawh a ni maithei, a ziaktu hi a zalen viau na a, history lama Khuangchera chanchin bâk belh teh chiam a neiin a lang lo. Tin, he Lemchana mi sual (villain) Neihthanga hian Khuangchera hi a tichhe zo tak tak lo bawk. Parvatui khua an ni a, an khaw nula hmelṭha Thanchhumi chu an rim ve ve a, rim mai pawh ni lovin nupuia neih tumin palai an tir ve ve! Mahse Khuangchera zawkin Thanchhumi chu nupuiah a nei tih kan hmu.

Neihthanga hian chawimawina an ngaihhlut ber ‘Nopui’ a dawm thung! Lukawnga ṭawngkam aṭangin chu chu kan hria a, “Chutia tihah chuan nang chuan Nopui pawh i dawm tawh a nia. Ani (Khuangchera) chu lalin a la hlan ve reng reng nem,” (2.2). Neihthanga hian ‘Nopui’ a dawm bâk hi chu kawng engkimah Khuangchera hi a um pha lo tih a lang. Sakei an beih ṭumin Khuangchera’n Sakei lakah Neihthanga a chhan a, “Khuang mihuaia awm lo sela chuan hual chhungah khan mi ei zo vek dawn alawm le,” (2.3) tiin Neihthanga’n Khuangchera’n a chhanhimzia a sawi.

Khuangchera danglamna leh entawntlâkna chu chawimawi a hlawh lo chung pawh hian a ram tana a tih tur nia a hriat tih a ṭhulh chuang lo hi a ni. Hei hi a tir lama kan sawi nationalism, he Lemchana a changtupa ber nuna lo lang chu a ni. A ‘Nopui’ dawm loh chhan hi Neihthanga pa kha lal Upa Min a lo nih kher vang a ni a, a tir lamah Khuangchera chawimawi chungchang hi lal rorelnaah sawi lan a ni a, mahse Upa Min hian a lo dang tlat a, a dawng ta lo a ni. Chawimawina dawn duh vang chauha thil ṭha tih leh ram tana inpek hi inpekna tak tak a tling thei lo vang.

Mahse Khuangchera chuan chung zawng zawng chu engahmah a ngai lo emaw tih mai turin a ṭul hunah chuan an khawtlang tan a tlanchhe ngai lo va, Sakei huai beih hunah te, an khuaa mi awm ṭha duh lo beih kawngah te, British beih hunah te pawh a theihtawp a chhuah zel ṭhin a ni. A inngaitlawm a, a ram hi amah aiin a dah hmasa zel a, hei tak hi ‘nationalist’ nih a tlinna leh amah pawh tiropuitu a ni.

Amah ngei pawhin khawtlang tana pasalṭha nih leh a nupui fanau tana pa nih chu hautak ve deuha a hriat thu soliloquy hmangin a sawi chhuak nghe nghe. “Pasal ṭha nih leh hnam pasalṭha nih kawp chu a va namai lo tak em!” (Pasalṭha Khuangchera 5.5) a tih hian a dinhmun chu a sawi chiang viau awm e. A nupuiin nau a nei hlim hlawt a ni a, mahni chhungkua pawh uap lum hman lova ram tan a pen chhuah a ngai si! A dinhmun hi a khirh ve hle a ni tih a hriat theih awm e. Mihring pangngai tan chuan nupui neih a ngai a, fate enkawl an ngai a, pa ber tan chhungkaw ei tur thawh chhuah a ngai a, indonaah kal se thih leh dam inkar a ni bawk si! Hetiang zawng zawng ngaihtuah phei chuan Khuangchera hi mi danglam bik, mi dang ang lo, pasalṭha a nihna ringawt piah lamah ram a hmangaihna hian hma lam pan turin a nawr a ni tih a hriat a, he lemchanah hian hero nih a tling zo hle a ni.

Parvatuia a awm laiin chawimawi phû khawpin khawtlang tan pasalṭha nih a tling a. Mahse hmelma (rival) a neih avangin chu chawimawina chu a dawng lo va, mi sual (villain) ber Neihthanga’n hma khalh tumin a theihna zawng zawngin a bei let a, a nupui neih zanah meuh pawh buaina chawh chhuah tumin Neihthanga hi a hmanhlel a ni tih a lemchan kan chhiar chuan kan hmu a ni. An lalpa hi lal sual a nih thu khawiahmah a lang lo va, mahse a Upa Min avangin a mit a del a ni tih a lang thung.

A Upa rin berin Khuangchera aiin a fapa Neihthanga hming langsar zawk se, chawimawi hlawh zawk se a tih miau avangin a khaw pasalṭha chhuanvawr chu a chân phah nghe nghe a ni. Hetianga lawm leh chawimawi a hlawh lo chung pawha a ram leh hnam tana an mamawh laia a lo awm leh ṭhin hi he lemchana hnam thinlung, Khuangchera kal tlanga lo lang chu a ni.

Khuangchera Parvatui aṭanga Reiek khaw lama a pem thu hi sawi a ngai a ni. A pem chhan pakhat chu he lemchana a mi sual (villain) ber Neihthanga vang hi a ni a tih theih. Dramatic hero-in harsatna su ngam lova tlan chhiatsan hi character tan pawh thil pawi thui tak a ni a, amaherawhchu, Neihthanga ngam lova tlan chhia niin a lang lo. A pemna tur khuaah hian chhungte an nei a, an khaw thirdeng chu an chhungkhat hnai tak a nih thu kan hmu, “In lal thirdeng saw kan laichin hnai tak a ni,” (Pasalṭha Khuangchera 3.4) tiin Khuangchera ngeiin a ṭhianpa Ngurbawnga hnenah a sawi a ni.

A ṭhianpa Ngurbawnga hian an khua Reiek lama pem tur hian a sawm hrim hrim bawk. “Kan khuaah chuan nula leh tlangval zawng zawngin a hming (Khuangchera) an hre vek tawh hial ang chu. Lo pem mah teh u, nuam in ti viau ang,” (Pasalṭha Khuangchera 3.4) tiin nuam an tih a rin thu thlengin a sawi a ni. A ṭhian ṭha ber awmna khua ni bawk, chhungte belh tur nei ve tho an ni bawk a; bakah pasalṭha chu tu khua pawhin an khuaa awm atan an duh em em vek ang tih a rin theih bawk. Chuvangin, a tlan chhia ni lovin an chhungkaw hmakhua ngaiin a pem niin a lang. A va pem naah pawh an lo lawm hle a, an khaw chhuanvawr a va ni leh tho a, chu tak chu patriot chu a ni. Khawi hmunah pawh a huaisen a, Parvatui leh Reiek a dang chuang lo, chawimawi a hlawh leh hlawh lohin a tibuai lo va, ram chhan tur chuan khawi hmunah pawh awm se a tlan chhe ngai lo hi a nuna thil pawimawh ber chu a ni.

Khuangchera leh a Ram

He Lemchan thawnthu aṭanga kan thlir chuan Mizote chu Lal thuneihna hnuai leh enkawlna hnuaiah khua dinin an awm tih a lang a. Khuangchera chu Parvatui khua leh tui niin, mahse a hnuah Reiek lamah a pem ta thung a ni. Parvatui hi Lianphunga khua niin, a khua hi a nawm leh nawm loh chu thuhran, an khaw pasalṭha chhuanvawrin a pemsan dan aṭang hian thil felhlel deuh chu a awm ve ang tih a rin theih a ni. He Lemchan tawpah hian Khuangchera hian a ram chhanin hmelmate doin a thih phah tih a lang a, a thih thlengin a bei a ni.

Khuangchera’n Parvatui leh Reiek khaw tana a thil tihte hi a chhuanawm viau. He Lemchan, Chan – V awmah hian Chan – I na aṭanga Chan – III na hi Parvatuia innghat a ni a, a hnuhnung pahnih hi Reieka innghat a ni thung. Khawtlangin an mangan nikhuaa an rin ber leh an thlamuanna chu Khuangchera a ni. K. Thanzauva chuan Mizo pasalṭha tihian a hrilhfiah a, “Hlauh a nei lo va, a huaisen a, a tlawm mai mai lo va, hmelma leh ramsa hlauhawm laka tlan chhiat ai chuan thih chilh pawh a duh zawk a ni,” (SAIP 37) tiin. He pasalṭha hrilhfiahna hi Khuangchera hian a zawm ṭha hle a ni a tih theih ang. Parvatuia a awm lai hian khua leh tui ṭha tak niin nunaute thlamuantu, khawtlang ṭhatna leh himna tura theihtawpa beitu a ni tih a chiang hle a ni. An lalin Nopui a hlan lo hi an lal tihsual lian tak ni theiin a lang. B. Lalthangliana chuan, “Pasalṭhate chu khaw venghimtu, Lal, upa leh nunaute tana thlamuanna an ni,” (SAIP 52) a tia a, he lemchanah hian Parvatui khaw tana ani tluka inpe zo hi an awm lo a ni. Mamawh hun apianga a inpekna hi hnam thinlung chu a ni a tih theih ang.

Parvatuia a inpekna ang chiah tho kha Reiekah pawh a chhawm zel a. An khawtlang thlamuantu a ni ta zel a ni. Reieka a pem chhan hi chawimawina a dawn loh vanga lungawi lo a ang thei a, mahse ziaktu pakhat chuan a pem chhan tak hi chu an lalin a duhsak loh piah lamah a awm loh hlanin a Kel an lo eisak niin a sawi (K. Zawla 267). Chuvangin, mahni ngaihdan dah lal leh inthunun zo lo chu niin a lang lo.

Khuangchera leh Indona

British an lo lian a, Mizoram an awp chho a, Mizote nen an in-ep a, chu chuan Khaungchera awmna khua pawh a thleng thuai mai. An ngam loh Mizo lalte hian an tawng niin a ngaih theih a, mahse pasalṭha rilru chu a dang daih thung, “Kan ram chhuahna hmun min khapsak a, sa pel hlei thei lovin min siam a, an duh hun hunah a siruk lain an rawn thawk a…Keini pawh hian kan ram leh kan chite chhan dan chu kan ngaihtuah ve a ṭul ngei ang,” (Pasalṭha Khuangchera 4.3) tih chu Khuangchera ngaihdan a ni. Anni aiin an chak zawk tih hre mah se an lal Sailianpuia pawhin, “Kan tawlh zel ringawt lo vang. Kan kap ding zo lo a ni thei, mahse kan hlau bik lo tih hriattir a ngai,” (4.4) a ti bawk. Mahni ram leh chite chhan tura pen chhuah chu tihmakmawh niin an ngai tih a lang a, hneh dawn lo pawh ni se lo beih let chu an thurolum a ni ta tih a hmuh theih.

Tichuan, Khuangchera pawh a ram chhan tumin a chhuak a, a ṭhianpa Ngurbawnga’n a lo zui a, “Engah nge mi rawn zui duh aw! Ram chhana lu phum ngamin asin ka pen chhuah. Hnung tawlh ka tum hleinem,” (5.5) a tihial a ni. “Ram kan venhim hmasak lohvin chhungkua kan him thei chuang lo vang,” (5.5) tiin a kaptute lo hawin kir leh tura an tih pawha kir duh lovin a kal a, “He ram chhan ngai chhan tur hian ka thisen hian thu a tiam tawh. Ka thisen far chhuak hian he rama vailian hi um chhuak ngei rawh se…Nangnin min that lo, ka ram tan ka inpe zawk a ni,” (5.5) tiin a ram tan a nun a hlan ta a ni.

Theodore Roosevelt chuan, “Ram hmangaihna chu America president tana rinawm a ni lo, ram tana nghet taka dinna hi a ni,” (Grayling) a ti a. Chutiang chiah chuan Khuangchera hian an lal hming lam ri tawh lovin a ram tan a nun a hlan tih he lemchan tawpnaah hian a sawi a ni.

Lalnu Ropuiliani Lemchan

Lalnu Ropuiliani hi Lalsavunga fanu, Denlung khaw lal a ni. A pasal a boral avangin lal a ni a, a pasal boral aṭanga kum li chhung vel a lala hriat a ni (Lemchan Khawvel I – 17). He Lemchan Lalnu Ropuiliani hi Laltluangliana Khiangte ziak niin, kum 1994 khan chhuah a ni a, Chan nga awmin Ropuiliani chu a changtu ber a ni a, historical drama niin, Ropuiliani chanchina innghat a ni a, a changtu ber thihnaa a tawp hi khar a nih avangin tragedy a ni. Ropuiliani chu Lalsavunga fanu upa zawk a ni a, a pasal Vandula a thih avangin Chan – IV na aṭangin lal niin ro a rel a ni.

Ropuiliani hian lal nihna a rochun hma pawhin mize nghet tak a nei a, luhlul leh indah sang tak a ni. A nuin an inlengte zu sem tura a tih pawhin, “Sailo lal nula zu sem ka hre ngai lo,” (Lemchan Khawvel I – 1.1) tiin a chhang mai a ni. Nu leh pa thu hnial awm lohna tur ni awma ngaihah ani hi chuan a hnial tlat thung a ni. A nuin ‘chai’ tura a tih pawhin, “Hnamchawm zingah ka khawsa thei nang. Lal fapa leh mi ṭhate tih hleih loh, hnamchawm tlangval kaihkuahin ka chai thei lo, an zingah ka lam dawn lo,” (Lemchan Khawvel I – 1.1) a titlat bawk a ni. Ropuiliani rilru put hmang hi a danglam a, hei hian ram leh hnam tana a inpeknaah pawh thui takin awmzia a nei a ni. A pasal Vandula chu rul chuk avangin a boral a, lal nihna a rochun chhunzawm ta a, he tih hun hi vailian an lo lan hun a ni a, harsatna an tawk chho ta. A pasal thinlungah hian ram leh hnam hmangaihna thûk tak a awm niin a lang a, chu chu ani hian a chhawm nung ta zel a ni. Vandula hian a thih dawnin, “Kan ram hi tu mah pe suh ang che. Vailianho duh duha thaikawi theih kan ni lo. Lal kan ni a, lal dinhmuna din tur a ni,” (4.1) tiin a ram chu humhim tlat turin a chah a. Vawikhat mai pawh chah lovin, “Zan khat mitchhin pawh lo tawk ta tehreng ila, an Vailianho pawh hi hlau reng reng suh u. An thuhnuaia kun turin chhia pawh chham miah loh tur a ni,” (4.1) a tih bakah, “Kan ram hi kan ram a ni a, mi dang pe suh ang che,” (4.1) tiin a hnuk chah dawn thlengin he thu hi a sawi a ni.

Ropuiliani hi a changtu ber a ni bawk a, a dinhmun hi he Lemchanah hian a pawimawh hle. A pasal thuchah a ni bawk a, ram leh hnam tana inpeknaah pawh hian a awm a khauh hle tih a hriat a, ṭawng lettu, Rahsi Dara’n vailianin an koh thu a rawn hriattir pawhin hnehsawh deuhin a lo chang a, “Vailian pawh ni sawmsarih rawh se, an thuhnuaiah vawi khat tê pawh ka intulut dawn lo. A ram leilung luahtu kan ni a. Mikhualin a thlen in te a thunun thei ngawt lo. Khual ṭha chuan a thlen in pa zai a ngai thiam tur a ni,” (4.2) tiin hnehsawh takin a chang a. Lungleia kal tura an kohna pawh , “Min hmu duh chu ka khuaah lo kal ang hmiang,” (4.2) tiin tham lo angreng takin a chang a ni. Ropuiliani hian a hnam leh a ram chu a dah chungnung hle tih a lang a, mi dangte aia chungnung zawka inngaiin a tlawm duh loh piah lamah a zahawmna a vawng reng a, hei hi nationalism lama vawrh sangtu pawh a ni.

Ropuiliani hian vailian hi a hneh dawn leh hneh dawn loh lam a ngaihtuah lo va, a phak tawkin a ram chhan turin a bei let tawp mai a ni. Ropuiliani hian a ṭawngkam tam takah vailian a huat thu leh beih let a ngaih thu a sawi a, mahse amah hi vailianin an man ta tlat mai a, a ṭawng chauh a pawr a, a takah engmah a ti lo va, hei hi ram leh hnam hmangaihna a tling em ni tih a zawh theih awm e. Aristotle chuan tragic hero chu, “Mi dangte chunga leng leh dinhmun sang tak luah a ni tur a ni,”(qtd.in The theory of drama, A. Nicoll, 104) a ti a. Ropuiliani chu lal a ni a, a khua leh tui tana a mawhphurhna hlen ṭhin a ni. A hlawhchhamna ti mai ila, man a nihna leh tan tir hial a nihnaah hian a tihsualah vêk a che sual a ni. Hei hi Lemchanah chuan ‘hamartia’ an ti a, mahni tihsual avanga an chunga vanduaina lo thleng tihna a ni awm e. Ropuiliani’n ṭawngkam ringawta bei a, a taka che chhuak lo, bei mai lova a awm reng kha a tihsual a ni a, a ma tihsualah chhiatna a tawk ta a ni. “Tuin nge ka chungah rorel thei? Muvanlai chauh lo chu ka chunga leng a awm lo. An chunga ka kut ka len hlauh zawngin an buai hle ang,” (Lemchan Khawvel I – 4.4). “Lu che lo leh ke pen lovin ram a humhalh theih ngai loh. A ṭul a nih chuan mahni ram chhanin thih ngam lu kan pu tur a ni ngai e,” (Lemchan Khawvel I – 4.4) a ti a.

A ṭawngkamah hi chuan a huaisen hle a ni. Mahse Satinkhara a thah tir bak chu thil dang tih a nei lem lo. Satinkhara chu vailian tana ṭawng lettu a ni a, a chunga Ropuiliani chetna hi vailian beih letnaa ngaih a har deuh. An hmelma ber vailian hotute emaw bei lova an ṭawnglettu chunga chetna ringawt hi chu thu tlinga ngaih a har deuh a ni. Chan – IV na, Lan – 2 naah J.F. Stewart chu Lakher lal Hausata’n a thah thu tarlan a ni a, he thil hi Ropuiliani lal a nih hmaa thleng a ni. Heti hian a sawi a, “Hausata ang vek chuan lal dangte pawh hi che ve se, tu khaw khain nge Silai te khawm khawm ang?” (Lemchan Khawvel I – 4.2). Hetianga sawi si hian lal a ni ta cheng a, British mi pawh ni lo pakhat a thah tir bak chu a sap ṭawng takin action a nei lem lo. Satinkhara hi Mizo a ni lo va, Tuikuk hnam a ni (Lalsangzuali Sailo 108).

Ropuiliani pasal Vandula hi Denlungah kum 1889 nipui laiin a boral a (18). Lalsangzuali Sailo chuan Ropuiliani hi August 8, 1893 khan Shakespear-a leh a hoten an man niin a sawi a (135). He mi awmzia chu kum li chhung ro a rel a, kum li chhunga a thil tih awm chhun chu Satinkhara thah tir chauh kha a ni. Liangkhaia chuan Mizo Chanchin lehkhabuah Captain Browne leh a hote chu Manga thlahten kum 1890 September thlaah an kah thu a sawi a. Liankunga khuaten Lt. Tytler-a leh a hote chu September 25 leh 26-ah an kap a. Lalsavunga thlahten R.B. Mc Cabe leh a hote chu February 29, 1892-ah an kap bawk a ni (Mizo Chanchin 143 – 144). Chhim lamah pawh Lungrang leh Zote-ah Rolura thlahten March 16, 1892-ah an kap a. Lalvansanga’n Shakespear-a leh a hote chu Chhippir-ah March 16, 1892-ah an lo kap bawk a ni (Lalsangzuali Sailo 113). Heta ṭanga chiang deuh chu Mizo lal eng emaw zatin British hi an lo kap a ni. Hetiang a nih laia Ropuiliani a ngawi reng hi a mak a, a chet chhiat phahna pawh a ni ta chiah a ni. Kum li chhunga British beihna tura ruahmanna ringawt a siam a, a che chhuak lo hi dem a kaina tur a ni reng tawh maithei. A bei let lo tawp chu a ni lo va, Kuli an dilin a hnial a, a khua leh tui chhan a tina hle a, “Ka tan chuan an thahrui sen miten an hreh ngai lo va… vai puak phurh nan ka khuaten tha an seng lo vang,” (Lemchan Khawvel I – 4.4) a tihial a ni.

Lemchan nihphung aṭanga en chuan Ropuiliani hi hero a tlin loh theihna tur a awm maithei, mahse Mizo lal tam tak an tlawm (surrender) a, a awm nêm zawk Ropuiliani chu British lakah hian a tlawm lo thung a ni. Chu chu a ropuina lai a ni. A khua leh tui tan nghet takin a ding a, lal a nihna kha a vawng him tlat a, a ram chhanhim turin a phâk tawkah nghet takin a ding a ni. A Lemchana a lan danin Seipuia te, Vanhnuailiana te, Lalthangvunga te, Lalluauva te, Sangliana leh Lalruma-te chu an in surrender a, (Lemchan Khawvel I – 4.5). Lal thiltithei tak tak paruk lai an tlawm hmin der lai a, a ram chhana tlawm ve duh lo Ropuiliani’n ram tana a inpekna leh a hnam thinlung hi a chhinchhiahtlak hle a ni.

J. Shakespear-a hian Ropuiliani va beih hi a tum mai bik lo niin a lang. Lungleia Assembly-ah pawh a kal lo va, Rahsi Dara chuan chu chu sawi chhuakin J. Shakespear-a chuan, “Kan rorel thu chhuak hi hriattir la, a zawm tur a ni a, chhiah a pe ang a, Kuli pawh a rawn thawh tur a ni,” (Lemchan Khawvel I – 4.3) tiin. Rahsi Dara chuan a hnial a, amah ngei kal turin a ngen a, Shakeapear-a chuan kal a tum loh thu leh thu a zawm loh chuan man a tum thuin a chhang a ni (Lemchan Khawvel I – 4.3). Shakespear-a hian amah ngei kala va biak a tum lo va, an inkar boruak rit tak hi indo kher lova chin fel a duh hle tih a lang. Heng vang hi a ni maithei Ropuiliani pawhin beih hmasak kha a tum mai bik ta lo a ni. Ropuiliani khua Denlung hi in 200 khua, mihring 785 chauh awmna a ni (Lalsangzuali Sailo 97). J. Shakespear-a chhin chhiah danin Mizoram hmar lamah hian sipai 3,380, Brigadier General Tregear-a hoin an lut a, chhim lamah hian Col. Skinners-a hoin sipai 1,180 an lut bawk a, an zavaiin 4,560 an ni (Mizo Chanchin 140). An intam hleih em a, hmanrua an inneih ṭhat hleih bawk si a, Ropuiliani tan pawh bei hmasatu nih chu thil huphurhawm tak tur a ni.

Tichuan, Ropuiliani chu Rahsi Dara ruahmannain man a ni ta. A pasalṭhate pawh an che hman lo. Shakespear-a chuan, “Kumpinu sawrkar thuchhuak kalh zawnga che ngam awm chhun a ni,” (Lemchan Khawvel I – 5.2) a ti nghe nghe. Ropuiliani an man hi British lam tan thawvenna thlentu a ni. Shakespear-a vêkin, “Tunah chuan kan rilru kaptu ber, kan rorelna tiṭhuanawptu, helna hnarkaitu bul ber Denlung Lalnun kan man ta a…Ropuiliani kâ kan hup zawngin harsatna dang tawh tur a awm tawh lo,” (Lemchan Khawvel I – 5.3) a tihial a ni. Ropuiliani hi Mizoram pumpui awp tura harsatna thlentu, an kawng daltu ber niin an ngai tih a lang a ni.

Lungleiah an tantir a, chu pawh chu an ngai ngam lo va, mipuite thinlungah thu a la sawi thoa an hriat avangin Mizoram pawna thawn dan an ngaihtuah a, an thlem nasa hle bawk. Ropuiliani chuan tlawm a tum chuang lo. Ropuiliani hi kum 70 mi a ni tawh a, mahse ani chuan, “Tharumin min hneh mah se, kan rilru chu an hneh chuang lo, tih hi lantir ka duh,” (Lemchan Khawvel I – 5.3) a la ti a ni. Tang vengtu pakhatin British bei tawh lo tura intiam tura a tih chuan, “Vailian dodal hi ka damchhan asin! Ka ram phatsan turin vawikhat mah min thlem tawh suh u,” (Lemchan Khawvel – I 5.4) a tinghe nghe a ni. A ram chhanna atan chuan a nun meuh pawh hlan a huam a, a thih thleng hian chak lo zawk ni mah se a tlawm lo a ni.

Ropuiliani thihna hian British beihna kawnga mi dangte rilru a tihnual hle a ni tih a hriat a. An hruaitu ber a boral tawh a, silai an neihte thehlut turin Sawrkarin thu chhuah a siam a, Ropuiliani khua aṭang hian silai 100 an thehlut a, he mi ṭuma silai an lakkhawm theih zat hi 500 lai a tling a ni (Sangkima 122).

Tlangkawmna

Ram leh hnam hmangaihna awmzia chu kan chenna ram hmangaihna tih ringawt a ni lo va. Ram hmangaihtu (Nationalist) tak tak chuan a ram tan eng tik lai pawhin a hun a pe thei a, indo a ṭul chuan a indo mai a, eng tik lai pawhin a ram leh hnam tan a inpeih a ni. Kan sawi tak Lemchan pahnihte aṭang khan chiang taka thil lang a awm a ni. Khuangchera nun kha en ila, duhsak a hlawh lo va, hrethiam lotu a nei bawk a, hmelma thlengin a nei a tih theih ang. Mahse, chuti chung chuan a ram leh hnam tana a tih tur chu a ṭhulh chuang lo va, a inpeih reng (available) a ni. A khua leh tuia ṭhalaite entawn leh ngaihsan nih hlawh thei khawpa ram leh hnam tana inpe a ni.

Ropuiliani nunah pawh huaisenna, tumruhna, a ram leh hnam hmangaihna avanga kum upa tak a nih thleng pawha nghet taka a dinna hi ṭhangtharte thlenga hlan chhawn tlak a ni. Ropuiliani hi lal a ni a, a khua leh tuite tana roreltu a ni. Khuangchera chu pasalṭha a ni a, pasalṭha satliah ni lovin mite pawhin an zah em em a ni. An pahnih hian ram tan an nun an hlan ve ve a, Ropuiliani’n a thawk tawp thlengin a bei a, British laka tlawm duh miah lo a ni. Khuangchera pawh a ram tan a inpe ral vhak a, a hneh loh avangin a thih phah ta mai zawk a ni. Heng Lemchan pahnihah hian ram leh hnam tana inhlan ral ṭhak mi pahnih kan hmu a, Nationalism awmzia hi ram tana inhlanna leh inpek ral ṭhakna a nih chuan Mizo Literature-a Lemchanah hian ram leh hnam hmangaihna chu thûk takin a inphum a ni.

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