Thutluang Ziaktu C. Rokhuma ‘Zoram Parmawi’ Thlirna

— Lalrotluanga, Research Scholar, Dept. of Mizo, MZU

Abstract : Sapin prose tia an sawi hi Mizo Literature zirna huangah chuan Thutluang tia sawi hian hman dan tlanglawn ber a ni a. Mihring leh mihring inkara inbiakna leh tawngkam a tana hman thin tawng hi a ni. “Novel te, Short Story te, Article te leh thu chi hrang hrang ziak nan kan hmang thin bawk kawng danga sawi chuan rhyme emaw metrical form emaw hmang lova thuziak hi a ni kan ti thei awm e” (History of Mizo Literature, 77). Thutluang ziak kawngah C. Rokhuma hian a thawh hlawk viau a, a thuziakah reng reng hian Mizo mipui te leh Mizoram hi a dah pawimawh hmasa ber thin. Mizo mipuite hmasawnna leh Mizoram dinhmun sik leh sa bakah ram leilung leh tlangte lui leh Mizo-te chenna hmun hma, an khawsak dan hrang hranga, hmasawn zel tura a duhthusam leh a hmuh dan huai taka tarlang tu a ni.

1. C. Rokhuma Thutluang Prose ziaktu:

C. Rokhuma hian kut chhuak ṭha tak tak a nei nuala, chung zingah chuan Zoram Parmawi hi kan thlur bik tur chu a ni. “Lehkhabu pakhat vang pawhin ziaktu ṭha a nih theih a, lehkhabu sawm zet pawh a ṭul mai thei. Lehkhabu pakhat ang ziak thin te hi chuan an beih fe pawhin an beih rei a ngai khawp ang. Hei tak hi literature khawvel chu a ni” (Tapchhak Theory, 78). C. Rokhuma lehkhabu Zoram Parmawi tih hi phek 70 niin kum 1980 khan The Social Education Wing Education Department Mizoram chuan an publish a. He lehkhabu avang chauh pawh hian ziaktu ṭha zingah kan chhiar tel thei awm e. Thuziak mawina leh hlutna hi thumal words hman thiam leh ṭawngkauchheh hman dik hian a hril thui viau a, chung thumal chu thiam taka remkhawm a nih phei chuan thuziak chu a lo hlu zual ṭhin a ni. C. Rokhuma chuan Mizoram tana ṭhahnem a ngaihna leh hmasawnna kawng dik Zofa ten an zawh theih nana a ngaihtuahna chu sawi chhuakin,

Keimah vek pawh chuan, Mizoram heiti taka tlabal si hi eng vanga chu ti em em a hlu chu ni ang maw? tiin ka inzawt let a. Zawi muangin a chhan chu hmu ta zelin ka inhria. A ni taka, ngun taka han chhut chet chet chuan, a ni tak, a lo nih chu, a ni si, tih tur hlir mai a lo ni tak a. Chutiang tak chu a ni tih hmutu Pu Rokunga chuan, kan Zotlang ram nuam hi chhawrpial run i iang e, Hal lo ten lungruala dar ang kan lenna; ti lo zia a ni lo ve. Ṭhiante u, lo ngawi tawh ula, ka’n sawi teh ang aw (Zoram Parmawi, 3)

tiin ṭawngkauchheh mawi leh hriat nuam tak siin Mizoram tana a thahnem ngaihna sawr chhuah a tum dan hian a ti lang chiang mai awm e. Thuziak fiah tum lutuk avanga sei lutuk leh a chhiartu tan pawha ngaihnawm loh khawpa ṭawng tuitam verbose or polix kan tih ang chi hi C. Rokhuma chuan a hmang ngai meuh lo, a sawi tum chu tawi fel tak, fiah ang reng tak hian a sawi mai thin a. Pehhel taka thuziak Circumlocution kan tih ang hi a hmang ngai meuh lo a ni. H. Laldinmawia an thuziak hmang Clarity chu, “ Thu ziak thiam ni tura pawimawh ber chu, fiah taka ziak thiamna hi a ni. A ziaktuin fiah taka a ziah phawt loh chuan a chhiartu tan a ngaihnawm thei lo” (Literature Lamtluang, 358) tia a sawi ang hian Zoram Parmawi tih lehkhabu-ah hian fiah leh fel fai tak maiin C. Rokhuma hian a ziak a, kan ram dinhmun hrang hrang tarlang chungin Mizo nula-te pawh, “Kan nulate pawh hi an chawn a mawi teh chiam lo na a, chhungkaw chawm nan vawk chaw dawl leh a chhumna thing leh tui an han phurh meuh chuan an va duhawn ther ther em” (Zoram Parmawi, 5) tiin a dawngsawngtu tana ngaihthlak hrehawm hauh lo, thlip mawi tuma pehhel kual si lovin ngaihnobei leh fiah tak si a thu a chhep thiam te hian prose ziak kawnga a dinhmun a tarlang chiang hle a ni.

“Thuziak thiam ni tura pawimawh chu, a chhiartute hriatthiam awlsam theihna tura mawlmang taka sawifiah thiamna simplicity hi a ni a” (Literature Lamtluang, 359). Ramdang aia Mizoram nawm zawk zia leh ṭhat bik zia te, thlipui rapthlak kan tawrh ve ngai loh a vanga kan vanneih dan te tarlangin, thli thaw kan dawn ve pawh boruak bawlhhlawh paih thla thei tawk chauha thaw nuam a nih dan C. Roknuma hian a sawi a. Mizoram tlang dung in khawh dan te chu ṭha a tiin,

Tlangdung han thlur dan vel pawh hi in ngaihtuah ngai em? Chhim leh hmar hawi zawng vekin a thlur a, hei hi lo nei mi leh huan nei mite tan a remchang bik a, a ni hmel hmuh dan hi in ang chiah lo mah se a inan theih dan ber a ni a, chhuah lam bapui leh tlaklam bapui a in tiat theih nan, tumah vuivai lova min chawk rualtu a lo ni ve leh a ni. Khawvel hmun dangte chu han thlir teh, chhak leh thlang hawi zawngin tlangdung sei pui puite a thlur a, chhim chhawng leh hmar chhawng a siama a dam vek a, a chhim chhawng lam a kang leh em a, Vawkreka fate an thau bing zung e an tih ang maiin (Zoram Parmawi, 7).

tia hriatthiam awlsam tak fiah tak bawk si a thu a ziak thiam hi a danglamna tak pawh a ni a, “Euphnony ngaihnobei leh ṭawnghmang mawi taka thuziak hi chhiar a hahdam a, mi ṭawnghmang thiamte thu vuakthlak dan a ni fo” (Literature Lamtluang, 360) tih thu nen pawh hian C. Rokhuma dinhmun tar lan nan a inhmeh viau.

Thawnthu dang leh thil tlanglawn hriat sa, inmil taka thuziaka zehtel allution hman chung chang-ah C. Rokhuma hian thiamna a nei ṭha hle a. Mizo te dinhmun leh tun hma pi leh pu hun atanga renga mahni ro in rel a, tu dang mah ngai lova leng ṭhin Mizo te, “He tlangram mawi takah hian kan Sailo lalte chuan khawvelah lal dang an awm hre lo lek khawpin an lo enkawl a, Ni leh thla kara leng an lo in ti hial a” (Zoram Parmawi, 5) tiin, tu thu hnuaia kun mah kan nih loh dan chiang taka tarlang chungin Zoram tana a ṭhahnemngaihna chuan a au chhuah tira. Ramngaw, Zoram rohlu kum tin mai a chereu tual tual a hmuh chuan uiawm a ti hle a, tun hma aṭanga ṭawngkauchheh an lo hman ṭhin chu, “Pa khaw hawi zim deuh phei chuan, maupui hmun an han vat a, nipui sensa hnuaiah an hal a, maupui puak ri chuan, Duh duh lei rawh belpui lei rawh, a ti e, an la ti ta nghal a; a tih loh nasatzia chu! Suihlung mawl pa, i dawn tawi lua e, a ti zawk reng si a” (14) tia thil tlang lawn hriatsa tam takin a ngaihna an hriat hauh loh tur a hmun leh a hun a zira thu ziaka zehtel allution a hmang thiam hian prose ziak kawnga C. Rokhuma themthiamna a tarlang ṭha hle a ni.

2. Khuarel Mawina leh Pathian Thilsiam Hlutna Faktu C. Rokhuma:

C. Rokhuma hian Zoram Parmawi aṭanga hian Khuarel mawina leh Pathian thilsiam leilung mawina,thilsiam mawina a chiang takin a tarlang a. Mizoram chu tlangram mawi tak a hming lam rik ringawt pawh a ram mawi leh nuam em em mite hmuh chak leh hmu lo tam tak te pawhin an hmuh chak a rin thu tarlangin, “Mizoram han tih ngawt pawh hi la hmu lo tam tak tan chuan ram ngaihnawm tihna tluk hialin a ngai ve bawk a ni” (1) tiin ram dang leh hmun dang aia Mizoram leilung mawina a dah hniam bik loh zia kan hmu a. Khuarel mawina hi a hmu chiang hle a, chu chuan a nun pawh a luah hneh viau ang tih a thuziak aṭang ngawt pawh hian a hriat theih a ni. Thinlung aṭanga luangliam Preface to the lyrical Ballads-a William Wordsworth-an Poetry chu, “Spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings: it takes its origin from emotion recollected in tranquility” (19) tia a lo sawi, hla phuahtuin a rilru chhungrila a vei mawi tak maia a phuah chhuak ang mai hian C. Rokhuma chuan khuarel in a rilru chhungrila awm chu thu prose hmangin a phuah chhuak ta a. “Chutih lai tak chua ka rilruah, hla phuah thiamin a rilrua hla a lo lang zung zung thin a sawi ang hian he thu hi a lo lang ta zung zung mai a” (Zoram Parmawi, 2)

Ka pianna Mizoram,

Ka tan i ṭha tawk e,

Mi ram kan ngai chuang lo,

I mawina par tinreng,

Mizoram sik leh sa, tlang lui leh ram ngaw te pawh ram dangte aia a nawm lohna leh a ṭhat bik lohna hmuh tur awmin a hre lova, a rilru chhungril takah chuan a ṭha ber vek kan nei a ni tih hi a rilruah a awm tlat niin a lang. Khuarel mawina Pathian thilsiam chu fakin, “A kham rang inchhawrdawh nghiat nghuat, vamur leh sathar tual lennate hi in en ning thei em ni? Kei zawng ka en ning thei lo” (6) tiin a fak a ni.

Mizote hi min hre chiang lote’n mi-lu la hnam tiin min sawi ṭhin a; kan ram hi ‘mi lu la’ Ram tia min sawi zel lo hi a lawmawm hle. Mizoram, sik leh sa nuam tak, ngawpui hring dup a cheng nungcha chi tinrengte’n hlim leh lawm taka awrawl an chhuahna ram hi Vankhama chuan “Rimawi Ram” tiin a vuah a. He hming aia kohna hming duhawm hi a vang hlein ka ring (Lung Min Lentu, 25)

tia R.L. Thanmawia’n a sawi ang hian C. Rokhuma hian Mizoram mawina hi a hmuchiang hle a, “A chang chuan maupui hmunah zawng rualte an lo tla a, an han tlanchhia a, sai emaw tiin keini pawh chu kan han tlan chhe ve ang dawrh dawrh ṭhin a” (Zoram Parmawi, 35). An ram chhuah dan hlimawm ziate Pathian thilsiam nungchate hlutna leh mawina chuan a rilru a luah a. Luipui dung mawina a sawi thiam dan mawlh mai hian C. Rokhuma’n khuarel mawina Pathian thilsiam a fak thiam zia a tarlang ṭha hle,

Mizoram luipui dung hi kan zawh tawh hlawm ang a. Eng khan nge kan mit la ber le? A in ang lo nual awm e. Luipui dung hian ngaihawmna leh mawina a nei hranpa ve reng reng a, luipui dam duai tlai ni nema han fan velte hi a nuam a, thlir lam apiang hian mit a la thei hle zel mai. Luipui chuan ṭiaupho a nei a, ṭiaupho bakah tuipuisuthlah leh phairuang buk a lo lang cham ta hmuai mai a (23).

C. Rokhuma hian Buhchang Phaia Zaman Hmawng chanchin te, Darlung Thing Lian chanchin te, Lianphunga Bung leh ramngaw leh nungchate pawimawh dan leh mihringte nena inrem taka awm tur kan nih zia a Zoram Parmawi lehkhabu-a a lo tarlang hian Pathian thilsiam Khuarel mawina hian a nunah hmun thuk tak an chang a ni tih kan hre thei a ni.

3. Zoram Hmangaihtu C. Rokhuma:

“Thuhlaril Khawvelah hi chuan mihring ziarang chhungril ber atanga pawnlang ber thleng hian thu tling a ni vek mai a. Ze chhia thup bova, ze tha chauh lantir a ni ngai lova, thu dik chauh sawi a, dawt thu phum bo tumna a awm hek lo” (Mizo Thuziak Thlan Chhuahte, 130) tia Dr. Laltluangliana Khiangte in a sawi ang hian thu dik chauh sawia dawt thu phum bo tumna C. Rokhuma hian a thuziakah a hian a hmang lova, Zofate tana ṭha tur leh kawngdik zawk zawhna tur a nih chuan chin dan ṭha lo leh fel lo lai pawh tlang takin a sawi mai a, chu chuan Zoram a hmangaihna pawh a lan tir kan ti thei ang. Chutih rual erawh chuan kawng hrang hranga ram dang leh hmun dang aia Zoram duhawm zawkna chu a fak hreh hauh lo thung.

Mizoram chu thlifim thianghlim tak chhemdam-thli thawt heuh heuh na hmun niin a hmu a, a tlang dung inkhawh chhim leh hmar hawi zawng a thlur te pawh malsawmna leh tumah vuivai lova Ni hmel hmuh dan, chhuah lam Bapui leh tlak lam Bapui a in tiat theihna tura malsawmna a nih dan a tarlang a. Mizoram leilung pawh hmun dang leh ram dang zawng aia duhawm zawk a nih dan te, “Lirnghin vak vak ṭhinna ram te zawng i awt suh ang u” (Zoram Parmawi, 8) tiin Zoram a hmangaihna chiang takin kan hmu a ni. Mizoram chu ram nuam leh duhawm zawka siam chu a duh dan a ni a, kan thing leh mau te humhalhna chang kan hriat loh avanga kan vat rem duai duai chu pawi a ti hle a, Zoram a hmangaihna chuan au chhuah tirin, “Khang kan ram ngawpui, a man chhiar sen rual loh, kan mawl leh tlakchham vanga ram faten senmei khu zama kan han chantir tak mai kha, inchhir theih ni ta sela, kan inchhirin ban a chen ngei ang” (11) tiin ze chhia thup bo lova thudik sawi chhuakin ram tana a ṭhahnemngaihna aw kan hmu a ni.

Structuralist criticism huanga mihring nun zirna, ngaihtuahna hrang hrang leh philosophy, antropology, leh literary criticism (mode of construction) ngaihtuahna zau zawk leh belhfakawm zawk, “Structuralism is a human science that tries to understand the basic structures that underlie all human experience and behaviour” (English literary Criticism and Theory, 151) tih ṭawngkam hi buklung atan lo hmang dawn ila, C. Rokhuma’n Zoram Parmawi tih lehkhabu a ziakah hian ṭha lam kawng zawh (mode of construction) leh mihring nun thlirna Structuralist criticism-in a tum pakhat zinga mi, “To analyse its workings so as to reveal its inner laws” (151) tih ang hian ram hmangaihna nen Zofate nihna leh chhungril nun chu hailan (reveal) a thiam hle. Hnam ro hlu mi ramin an awh ngawih ngawih thing leh maute chu thlawhhma lak dan dik loh avanga rawh ral mai mai a ni chu a ui hle a. Siam ṭhatna duhawm zawk (Mode of construction) rilru pu chungin inner laws chungril a ṭhatna dan awm hmangin lo vahna hmuna an hal mau puak ri chuan “Duh duh lei rawh belpui lei rawh” a ti e ti a ngaihdan an lo neih thin chu Zoram a hmangaihna chuan “Suihlung mawl pa, i dawn a tawi lua e,” a ti zawk a ni tia ngaihtuahna a lo seng hian C. Rokhuma hlutna a tarlang ṭha viau a ni.

C. Rokhuma’n Zoram a hmangaih dan chu amah ngeiin Mizoram tualto thing-te a lo zir chiang hi a ni. Zoram ngeiah hian damdawi chi hrang hrang a awm ve a chung damdawite chu mite hman ṭangkai theih tur leh sawtpui theih tura a lo zir chiang hi a ni.

Thing ṭhenkhat chu damdawi ṭha tak a ni hlawm a, hmasang kan pi leh pute chuan thing chi khat chu khawsik damdawi atan an hmang a, a pil an chhum a, chu mi tui chuan damlo an bual ṭhin a ni. Heng thing dangte pawh hi damdawi atan an hmang bawk- Tei rah chhum santen leh kawṭhalo tan; khaupui pil chhum tui-pan damdawi atan;ngaihhih zung rawt dip tuamhnanin pangang hling natna a tidam hlauh thei; farṭuah ṭang tan bun ṭhi anga thil awrhtirin bawng pan lung a tidam hmiah thei; anpang thuam hnah hel eiin hrawkna a dam thei; sarzuk zung densawm chhum tui- chhul tang tihtlak nan; thakpui zung leh chakai denpawlh chhum tui inin thinlian atan a dam theih; pasaltakaza zung chhum tui pumpuina atan an hmang (Zoram Parmawi, 16)

4. Mizo te Nunphung leh Chin Dan Tuipui Mi C. Rokhuma:

Mizote nunah hian ram chhuah leh lui kal te hian hmun a luah zau hle, chung hmuna an khawsak dan leh an chet tlat dan chuan C. Rokhuma nunah hian hmun thuk tak a chang a ni tih a kutchhuak Zoram Parmawi aṭang mai pawh hian a hriat theih a. Lui dung vela an khawsak dan a sawi hi a Mizo a, an chet dan hlimthla pawh a tarlang ṭha hle, “Zan a lo ni a, luipui kamah buk kan han sual a, chaw ei kham titi khawchang sawi zawha han mut meuh chuan zan a lo rei ta hle a, luipui dung a sava lian biruho an lo che ṭan ve a” (24) tia ramchhuak luidunga riah chungchang an sawi te hian Mizo nunphung leh chin dan a tuipui dan leh a lunglen dan a hmuh theih. Chu tih rual erawh chuan, “Luipuia cheng sanghate hi Zoram timawitu an ni” (25) tiin tih duhdah leh suat zawnga khawsak erawh a duh hauh lo tih a chiang hle.

Pasalṭhaten an fur hlothlawh an han zo fel a, sai ram chhuah an han ur ta a. Sai ram chhuah hun ṭha ber chu, phai ram tuihul November atangin thlasik chhung a ni. Ni tin mai hian ram chhuak tur pachang hlim tham tak mai hi silaimu chherin pumah an han bial talh talh reng a, mahni in a chem bung leh tuthlawh tar an la khawm a, silaimu atan an chher mum ṭhin a ni (30).

Pre-Raphaelite Movement hunlaia poet ṭhenkhat ten an ngaih pawimawh, “Word-painting, vivid pictures, pre-Raphaelite poetry is strongly pictorial, it bounds in words pictures, sensuous and vivid” (A Short History of English Literature, 91) tih ang mai khan C. Rokuma hian a thutluang prose ziakah hian zuk chhiar mai pawh a, a chhiartu leh ngaithlatu tana mitthla mai theih pictorial prose, Mizo te nunphung leh chin dan tarlang chung si a thu a keuh thlu thiam hi a ṭhatna chu a ni. Teirei phai Sai ramchhuah thu a sawi laia, “Zanriah kan han ei meuh chuan khua a lo thim ta chhulh chhulh a, meipui kan buatsaih a, meipui ai pahin a tuk lama ramchhuahna tur hmun lam kan sawi tlang a” (Zoram Parmawi, 37) tia Mizo mipa te nunphung an ram chhuah dan chanchin a lehkhabu chhiara kan tel ve emaw tih mai tura thuziak a thiam hi a danglam hle.

Works Cited

Khiangte, Dr. Laltluangliana. Mizo Thuziak Thlan Chhuahte. Aizawl: LTL Publications Mission veng. 2001.
Laldinmawia, H. Literature Lamtluang: Introduction to Study of Literary Theory & Criticism. Pune: Creativentures. India, 2015.
Rokhuma, C. Zoram Parmawi. The Social Education Wing Education Department Mizoram Aizawl. 1980.
Thanmawia, R.L. Lung Min Lentu. Aizawl: Mizoram Publication Board. 1st edn. 2006.
Vanchiau, C. Lalawmpuia. Tapchhak Theory: Essays & Criticism. Aizawl: Lalrinpuia, Sabereka Khuangkaih Publication. 2011.
Wordsworth, William. Preface to The Lyrical Ballads. British Literature: 1970-1983. Eds. Anne K. Mellor and Richard E. Mat lak. Boston: Heinle, 1995. Print.